工作中多多少少会接触到一些英文法律文本，这其中最多的就是合同。就像英音和美音的最大不同就是那个"r"音，英文合同文本和平时的书面表达最明显有什么区别或许就是那个频繁出现的"shall"吧。
此外，herein, therein, wherein……这类你最"熟知的陌生人"肯定也叫你看到合同就烦躁。为此，本期将和大伙推荐这类英文合同里出现频率极高的"古体词"。期望能帮助各位沪友在之后能更顺利阅读英文法律文本。
一个问题：为什么在法律文本中要用这类日常几乎不需要的"古体词"?缘由其实也非常简单：更正式!想想中文里"兹证明"，"特此"之类的字眼就能想领会了。
先看看几个例句：
This contract is made this 19th of February,2014 by WFX Corporation who agree to sell and HK Corporation , who agree to buy the following goods on the terms and conditions as below.
本合同由WFX公司与HJ公司于2014年2月19日订立，双方赞同按下述条件交易下列货物。
The deposit paid by the Buyers shall not be refunded if the Buyers fail to make full payment within the time herein specified and the Buyers shall be liable for all losses incurred therefrom to the Sellers.
假如买方在规定的时间内未付清货款，买方的保证金将不予退还，而且买方应承担卖方由此引起的所有损失。
在翻译古体词的时候，应依据本意及上下文灵活学会解释。比如在此例中， herein可以不必译出。或使用汉语的文言词比如"兹"、"之"、"鉴于"、"特"等进行翻译。
IN WITNESSTH WHEReOF the parties hereto have executed this Contract by their authorized representatives as of the date first above written.
兹特由双方授权的代表，于上述首开日期和签署本合同为据。
此例中的"IN WITNESSTH WHEReOF"意思是"作为协议事情的证据"，是格式化的合同语言，类似使用大写形式的还有：IN ConSIDERATION OF、WHEReAS 、IN THE PRESENCE OF 、NOWTHEREFORE、NOW THESE PRESENTS WITNESS。
当然，类似如此运用很多"古体词"的句子在任何一本英文合同里都可以找出上百句来。于是大家整理了这么一张表格，假如全都能理解透，相信各位沪友肯定能在之后对法律英语有进一步的认知，至少能更顺利阅读法律文本。
hereafterafter this in sequence or in time, in some future time or state
herebyby this means
herefromfrom this fact or statement
hereinin this document
hereinaboveat a prior point in this writing or document
hereinafterin the following part of this writing or document
hereinbeforein the preceding part of this writing or document
hereofof this
heretoto this writing or document
hereunderunder or in accordance with this writing or document
herewithwith this communication;enclosed in this
thereafterafter that
therebyby that means
therefromfrom that
thereinin or into that place,time,or thing
thereinafterin the following part of that matter
thereofof that
theretoto that
thereunderunder that part of a contract
therewithwith that
wherebyby which
whereinin which
whereofof which
whereonon what
wheretoto what place, purpose or end
whereundcrunder what
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