lesson 60 The future
At a village fair, I decided to visit a fortune|teller called Madam Bellinsky. I went into her tent and she told me to sit down. After I had given her some money,she looked into a crystal ball and said: 'A relation of yours is coming to see you. She will be arriving this evening and intends to stay for a few days. The moment you leave this tent, you will get a big surprise. A woman you know well will rush towards you. She will speak to you and then she will lead you away from this place. That is all.'
As soon as I went outside, I forgot all about Madam Bellinsky because my wife hurried towards me. 'Where have you been hiding ?' she asked impatiently. 'Your sister will be here in less than an hour and we must be at the station to meet her. We are late already.' As she walked away, I followed her out of the fair.
New words and expressions 生词和短语
future n. 将来,前途
fair n. 集市
fortune|teller n. 算命人
crystal n. 水晶
relation n. 亲属
impatiently adv. 不耐烦地
参考译文
在一个乡村集市上,我决定去拜访一位称作别林斯夫人的算命人。我走进她的帐篷,她叫我坐下。我给了她一些钱后,她便查询着一个水晶球说道:你的一个亲戚就要来看你了。她将于今天傍晚到达,并筹备住上几天。你一走出这个帐篷,就会大吃一惊。一位你很了解的女性将向你冲来。她会对你说点什么,然后带你离开这个地方。就是这类。
我一走出帐篷,就把别林斯基夫人给算卦的事忘得一干二净了,由于我的老婆正匆匆向我跑来。你躲到什么地方去了?她不耐烦地问,再有不到一个小时你姐姐就要到这儿了,大家得去车站接她。目前就已经晚了。当她走开时,我也跟着她出了集市。
自学导读
1.A relation of yours is coming to see you.你的一个亲戚就要来看你了。
(1)a relation of yours为名词的双重所有格(cf.第10课语法):
a friend of my father's 我爸爸的一位朋友
a friend of mine 我的一个朋友
(2)句子中的目前进行时并不表示现在正在进行的动作,而表示将要发生的事情。(cf.本课语法)
2.The moment you leave this tent, you will get a big surprise.你一走出这个帐篷,就会大吃一惊。
连词 the moment (that)与 as soon as含义一样,表示一就:
I'll phone you the moment I get the letter.
我一拿到信就给你打电话。
在这个连词引导的时间状语从句中要用一般目前时来表示以后时。(cf.本课语法)
3.That is all.就是这类。
这是口语中常见的一句话,表示完了、就这类、事情就是如此等含义:
He borrowed some money from me. That's all.
他向我借了些钱,仅此而已。
4.If forgot all about Madam Bellinsky because my wife hurried towards me.就把别林斯基夫人给我算卦的事忘得一干二净了,由于我的老婆正匆匆向我跑来。
与that is all中的 all一样,这句话中的all也是代词,表示所有、全部、所有些事,注意作主语时它被视为单数:
All I can remember is her name.
我所记得的只不过她的名字。
hurry towards sb. 表示向某人匆匆走去。
5.we must be at the station to meet her.大家得去车站接她。
(1)must be表示用目前年代指以后的情况,即他姐姐到时他们得在车站接她。这句话也可以变成we must go to the station to meet her,意义不变。
(2)to meet her为表示目的的不定式。(cf.第 59课语法)
语法 Grammar in use
1.目前进行时表示将要发生的事情
在第12课的语法中,大家学习了一般以后时的基本形式:
We'll see his boat and then we'll say goodbye to him. He will he away for two months.
大家将参观他的船,然后和他告别。他要离开两个月。
在第36课的语法中,大家学习了以后时going to用来预言将发生的事,特别是不久马上发生的事。它在非正式语体中可表示意图、计划等:
Debbie Hart is going to swim across the English Channel tomorrow.
黛比哈特筹备明天横渡英吉利海峡。
在英语中,目前进行时也可以用来表示为以后安排好的活动和事件。这种使用方法一般需要一个表示时间的状语(总是是不久的以后):
We're spending next winter in Australia.
大家将要在澳大利亚度过明年冬季。
arrive, come, go, leave等动词的进行式常常有这种使用方法,表示行程安排有关的将到达、将离去等意思:
A relation of yours is coming to see you.
你的一个亲戚就要来看你了。
He's arriving this evening.
他将于今天傍晚到达。
He's leaving tomorrow afternoon.
他明天下午离开。
2.以后时在时间状语从句及第1类条件句中的表示办法
当时间状语从句表示以后时,在 after, as soon as, before, by the time, the moment, till, until和when等后面大家一般不需要一般以后时而用一般目前时;不需要以后完成时而用目前完成时。这两种目前时态在时间连词后面常常可以互换:
The Thompsons will move to a new flat when their baby is/has been born.
孩子出生将来,汤普森一家将搬到一个新的公寓去住。
在第1类条件句中,if之后一般用一般目前时表示以后可能发生的事:
If it rains, we'll stay at home.
假如下雨,大家将呆在家。
If he gets the job, he'll be going abroad.
假如他得到那个工作,他就要到海外去。
词语学习 Word study
1.由名词+名词构成的复合名词
课文中,the village fair(乡村集市)是由两个名词形成的复合名词。在这种名词中,第1个名词一般起形容词(或修饰语)有哪些用途,而且一般都用单数。这种复合名词可以代替of结构,如a car key(汽车钥匙),a chair leg(椅子腿);也可以理解为第1个词指地址,第2个词指该地址中的东西,如a village pub(乡村夜店),a world record(世界纪录), a kitchen sink(厨房洗涤槽);也可以表示时间,如 a Christmas card(圣诞节卡),an evening dress (晚装礼服),afternoon tea(下午茶);也可以表示分类,如a horror film(恐怖电影),a flower shop(花店),a taxi|driver(出租车司机);也可以表示材料,如a fur coat(裘皮大衣),a gold watch(金表),cigarette ends(烟头)。
2.relation n.
(1)(事物间的)关系,关联(不可数):
I know little about the relation of/between time and space.
对于时间与空间之间的关系我知之甚少。
Is there any relation between the hot snake and the forest fire?
在那带电的蛇与森林失火之间有哪些关联吗?
(2)(国家、人民等之间的)关系,往来(可数):
Friendly relations have been developed between the two cities.
这两座城市打造了友好往来。
They have broken relations with that firm.
他们与那家公司已断绝关系/往来。
(3)亲戚,亲属(可数):
Dan is a relation of mine.
丹是我的一个亲戚。
A near relation of yours is coming to see you.
你的一个近亲将要来看你。
训练答案 Key to written exercises
1.重点句型训练答案
A is coming (1. 4); will be arriving (1. 4); The moment you leavewill get (11.5|6); will rush (11.6|7); will speak (1.7); will lead (1.7); will be here (1.10)
C is setting out/will set out; will send; receive; receive; will try; locate; will fire; will carry; will pour; will be sent
2.难题训练答案
1 Our school dining room 2 ghost story
3 birthday present 4 the village inn
5 The party leader 6 the front door key
7 Christmas card 8 garden gate
3.多项选择题答案
1 b 2 a 3 c 4 b 5 c 6 b
7 a 8 b 9 a 10 c 11 a 12 d
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